Answer A: The vestibulocochlear nerve (auditory vestibular nerve), known as the eighth cranial nerve, transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain. This means that the vagus nerve is the primary parasympathetic controller of the heart, lungs, pancreas, stomach, and bowel. The vagus nerve provides parasympathetic fibers to all of the body’s vital organs from the neck all the way to the transverse colon. These muscles are important for elevation of the soft palate during swallowing as well as the initiation of esophageal peristalsis. The vagus nerve also has motor components that control movement of the cricothyroid muscle, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus muscle, and the superior/middle/inferior pharyngeal constrictors. The vagus nerve (CN X) is an extremely important cranial nerve that serves as the primary parasympathetic innervation to most of the body as well as supplying important motor innervation to the soft palate. The Head and Neck." DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination, 9e. Anatomy." CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, 3e. The facial artery would be to anterior to be significantly affected during surgery to the temporomandibular joint. The facial artery enters the face by passing anterior to the body of the mandible before ascending along the side of the nose towards the eye. Answer E: The facial artery is also a branch of the external carotid artery and is responsible for supplying blood the structures of the superficial face, including the muscles of facial expression. The middle meningeal artery is clinically relevant because it is the primary artery injured in an epidural hematoma, leading to blood accumulation between the meninges and the skull. The middle meningeal artery courses superficially along the sphenoid and temporal bones of the skull in order to supply blood to the meninges. Answer D: The middle meningeal artery is a branch of the maxillary artery and is one of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery. The external carotid artery is important for supplying blood to many structures of the face including the tongue (via the lingual artery) as well as the muscles of the face via the facial artery. The external carotid artery courses from the upper border of the thyroid cartilage where it moves anteriorly to course upward toward the head and passes behind the neck of the mandible before dividing into the superficial temporal and maxillary arteries. Answer B: The external carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck that arises from the common carotid artery after it bifurcates to form the internal and external carotid arteries. The artery courses laterally along the neck and would be much deeper than the maxillary artery in comparison to the temporomandibular joint. The internal carotid artery is the principal source of blood to the brain, while the external carotid artery supplies portions of the face, scalp, skull, and meninges. Answer A: The internal carotid artery is one of the most important arteries of the body and arises from the bifurcation of the common carotid artery into the internal and external carotid arteries. ![]() The maxillary artery has numerous branches, including the middle meningeal artery, the deep auricular artery, buccal artery, and masseteric artery. The artery arises behind the neck of the mandible and courses medially to the neck of the mandibular condyle before passing into the pterygopalatine fossa. Free to download, with an in-app purchase.The maxillary artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the deep structures of the face. $50. While the ADAnet site doesn’t offer many questions, it is good to get used to the style of the questions that will be on the exam. Starts at $69/month for NBDE I. 1000 questions with detailed explanations used by more institutions than any other NBDE Question Bank. Here is a set of resources that we personally reviewed. DO THEM! Then move onto other question banks. ![]() The ASDA sells released examinations with actual questions from the NBDE. ![]() Pathology is one of the harder sections for many students, so make sure to allocate sufficient study time there. The questions on the actual NBDE range in difficulty, so make sure to practice on some of the faster questions, as well as the more in-depth Occlusion questions. Take the time to review the material (flashcards and books to cover the basics) and then try to answer as many questions as possible. There is a strong correlation between the number of NBDE practice questions taken and performance on the NBDE exams. Here are the four categories that are on the exam: The NBDE I exam is a review of the many of the basic science fundamentals as well as introductory concepts in Dental Anatomy.
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